This article examines the content of Islamic accounting. An attempt is made to reveal its essence more broadly by comparing Islamic accounting with traditional accounting. The rates proposed by various scholars on Islamic accounting are presented and analyzed. For a complete understanding of Islamic accounting, the main features of the Islamic financial system are also discussed. Existing reports in financial statements and additional reporting forms added to them in Islamic accounting are also considered. The reasons for the appearance of additional items in the balance sheet and financial statements, the balance sheet items covered by these items, and a description of the financial transactions related to profits and losses are provided. In conclusion, the differences between the objectives of Islamic accounting and traditional accounting are highlighted

The article broadly covers the necessity and importance of accounting policies, the requirements for their formation and the factors affecting them, as well as the methodological foundations of the formation of accounting policies based on international financial reporting standards. Also, the selection of accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates, and the methods used in the formation and application of accounting policies in the USA, Europe and Asian countries, as well as their regulatory and legal documents, are studied. Opinions and scientific recommendations are given on the aspects of foreign experiences that can be applied in our practice.

The article describes the theoretical issues of accounting policy formation in economic entities. The essence of the accounting policy for taxation purposes is revealed. Also, proposals were made to the Tax Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the concepts of "tax accounting" and "accounting policy for taxation purposes".

This article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of developing a management accounting system based on modern analytical methods in order to improve enterprise performance. The necessity of transforming management accounting from a traditional accounting system into a tool for analytical support of managerial decision-making is substantiated. The study employs general scientific and economic-statistical methods, including analysis, synthesis, comparative analysis, and econometric modeling. A multiple regression model is proposed to assess the impact of the level of development of the management accounting system, the use of analytical methods, and the degree of digitalization of accounting processes on the integral indicator of enterprise performance. The research results demonstrate a stable positive relationship between the studied factors and performance, with modern analytical tools (KPI, factor analysis, and marginal analysis) having the greatest impact. Based on the findings, practical recommendations for improving the management accounting system have been developed, including the implementation of KPI systems, the development of analytical tools, and the integration of digital technologies. The application of the proposed approaches contributes to improving the quality of managerial decisions, optimizing costs, and ensuring sustainable enterprise development

This article studies the theoretical aspects of construction and repair cost accounting in higher education institutions. A review of the literature on construction and repair cost accounting is carried out and its specific directions are revealed. Issues related to the recognition, assessment and accounting of construction and repair costs are studied using the example of a higher education institution. Important aspects of documentation and accounting in ensuring control over construction and repair costs are presented. Problematic and controversial situations related to construction and repair cost accounting in higher education institutions are studied and their negative consequences are presented. Proposals and recommendations are formulated to improve construction and repair cost accounting in higher education institutions.

The prospects of economic cooperation between the countries of Central Asia, including Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, in the expansion of cooperation in the areas of Commodity Exchange, joint ventures, volume of cargo transportation, large-scale cooperative settlements, tourism, industry, energy and agriculture, points have been made to ensure the mutual integration of accounting and financial statements between the countries. Also, in the Coordination of accounting and financial statements in our country with international standards, practical work on ensuring the implementation of the tasks set out in the decision of PQ-4611 "on additional measures for the transition to international standards of financial reporting", scientific conclusions on interrelated and different aspects of the accounting system are formed between Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan.

The article highlights theoretical issues of creative accounting. The scientific works of economists on creative accounting are analyzed and appropriate conclusions are drawn.

This article highlights the theoretical and practical aspects of maintaining a separate accounting policy in economic sectors, its adaptation to international and national standards, and the importance of sector-specific approaches. The processes of reforming the accounting and financial reporting system in the Republic of Uzbekistan, in particular the gradual implementation of IFRS standards, are analyzed. The study examines the specific features, challenges, and opportunities of accounting policies in agriculture, industry, services, and the banking-finance sector. International and national practices are compared, and methodological recommendations tailored to the sector are developed.

The article explores the theoretical aspects of creative accounting within the context of the creative economy. The author analyzes the scientific works of economists in this field and provides relevant conclusions regarding the development and application of creative accounting methods.

This article analyzes the forms of accounting, their essence, and historical development stages. Forms of accounting refer to specific methods and procedures of maintaining accounting records. Historically, accounting evolved from simple log forms to journal-order, memorial-order, and fully automated systems. The article discusses the characteristics, advantages, and drawbacks of each form and emphasizes the influence of modern information technologies.

This article explores the theoretical and practical foundations of forming accounting policy in microfinance institutions. Key elements such as accounting methods, interest income recognition, loan loss reserves, and bad debt recognition criteria are systematically analyzed. Using the examples of “IMKON FINANS”, “Vodiy Taraqqiyot”, and “Biznes Finans”, differences in accounting policies are identified, and recommendations for improvement are provided.

This article presents the procedure for improving the methodology for accounting for electricity sales costs and electricity losses, disadvantages of the current accounting methodology, costs for sales through the use of the included accounting methodology, and accounting for types of electricity losses. Also, new methods for assessing electrical losses are scientifically substantiated and outlined.

This article examines the regulatory and legal framework for accounting of investment property in joint-stock companies, including issues related to its recognition, measurement, and presentation in financial statements. The study analyzes the main challenges in accounting for investment property, particularly difficulties in determining fair value, inconsistencies in the interpretation of regulatory requirements, and challenges associated with the implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Based on the findings, scientific and practical recommendations have been developed to improve investment property accounting, expand the application of IFRS, strengthen control mechanisms, and enhance the professional competence of accounting personnel

The article substantiates the organization of accounting in joint ventures with the participation of foreign investors, its organizational structure, organization of the charter, determination of areas of activity, organization as a joint-stock company, accounting based on international standards, as well as the placement of financial statements on their websites

This article analyzes the current practices of accounting for non-financial (intangible) assets in healthcare institutions and proposes scientifically grounded approaches for their improvement. Non-financial assets including medical equipment, software, licenses, and research outcomes significantly impact the quality and efficiency of healthcare services. The absence of standardized methodologies, variation in funding sources, and low automation levels contribute to accounting inconsistencies. In the background of ongoing healthcare reforms in Uzbekistan, this study offers practical recommendations to digitalize accounting processes, improve asset valuation, harmonize accounting policies, and enhance internal control mechanisms.

The article analyzes the theoretical foundations of dividend policy in joint-stock companies, the mechanism of profit distribution, and the issues of reflecting dividend payments in accounting. The impact of dividend policy on financial stability, investment potential, and capital structure is substantiated. The correspondence of accounts involved in profit distribution and practical problems of dividend accounting are examined. The introduction of a separate working account for recording unclaimed dividends is proposed. The results confirm the necessity of aligning dividend policy with the actual financial condition of the enterprise

This article discusses the concept of long-term financial investments. Their importance and essence, the regulatory and legal basis for accounting for long-term financial investments, their recognition and valuation in accounting, as well as the procedures for their inclusion and write-off, and revaluation. Scientific proposals and recommendations are given to improve the accounting of long-term financial investments, their reflection in the accounts and their improvement based on international standards

The article identifies the shortcomings of the existing system of working accounts at fruit and vegetable processing enterprises, and substantiates the need to introduce a new system of working accounts adapted to industry characteristics on the basis of international experience and the regulatory framework of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The research is conducted on the data of three operating enterprises, and it is proven that the detailing of the accounts system significantly increases the transparency of financial information and the quality of management decisions

In the practice of accounting entities, problems are emerging regarding the calculation and accounting of depreciation for fixed assets, initial recognition and subsequent revaluation, determination of fair value, checking for impairment, and the correct and reliable reflection of information about them in financial statements. In this article, we have discussed in detail the current state of fixed assets depreciation accounting and its improvement, and have provided proposals and recommendations for its improvement

The article discusses theoretical issues of accounting methodology. The scientific works of economists on the concepts of "method", " procedure ", "methodology" are analyzed and relevant conclusions are drawn. Also, the specific aspects of accounting methodology in the context of international financial reporting standards are analyzed

The topic of this paper focuses on the comparison of fixed asset accounting under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and National Accounting Standards (NAS). Fixed assets are the most important long-term assets that play a key role in the financial position of an organisation. The study examines the main differences in the approaches to recognition, measurement, depreciation and asset retirement accounting between the two systems. Particular attention is paid to the revaluation of fixed assets, depreciation methods, and approaches to accounting for repair and modernisation costs. The paper analyses how different standards affect financial reporting and management decision making, and what key aspects should be considered when moving from one accounting system to another. The study focuses on analysing the flexibility of IFRS and the limitations of NAS, which is important for accountants, financial professionals and managers working in different legal and economic environments.

The article describes the current state of capital investments in enterprises, practical problems of their accounting, issues of improving capital investment accounting based on international experiences in the context of the formation of a digital economy.

The article discusses the issues of accounting for real estate objects. The use of international financial reporting standards in organizing accounting for real estate objects is shown.

The article reveals the current tasks of capital investment accounting, including the harmonization of capital investment accounting for investment property in enterprises in the green economy with international experiences, and the accounting and reporting of these assets, taking into account the specific characteristics of investment property objects.

The article reveals issues of improving the accounting and analysis of human capital and investments in business entities. The interpretation of investments in human capital as an element of financial statements is explained and a methodology for their reflection in accounts and reports is proposed.