This article comprehensively analyzes the environmental problems arising against the backdrop of the acceleration of the globalization process and their impact on demographic processes. In the 21st century, the deepening of economic cooperation, the acceleration of industrialization, the practice of unlimited use of resources, and the expansion of transnational production chains are leading to a sharp increase in environmental pressure. Such factors as atmospheric pollution, global warming, water scarcity, soil degradation, and a decrease in biodiversity are seriously changing not only natural ecosystems but also demographic indicators related to human life. The study highlights the direct and indirect impact of environmental problems on such processes as the birth rate, mortality rate, migration flows, public health, the quality of labor resources, and territorial demographic imbalance. In particular, in regions with a high level of environmental risk, such demographic changes as a decrease in births, an increase in morbidity, an increase in premature deaths, an increase in ecological migration, and a decrease in population potential have been noted. Also, based on scientific sources, it is shown that factors such as water scarcity or drought caused by global climate change have become one of the main determinants of population migration strategy

This study investigates how Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), particularly in the digital sector, impacts environmental sustainability in Uzbekistan. FDI supports economic growth but can increase CO₂ emissions, posing environmental challenges. Through econometric analysis, the research reveals a moderate positive correlation between FDI inflows and CO₂ emissions, indicating that rising FDI may elevate emissions. This dual effect challenges Uzbekistan to balance economic development with environmental protection. Policymakers are urged to adopt robust environmental policies while encouraging sustainable FDI. The study offers insights and recommendations for aligning digital FDI with Uzbekistan's environmental and social objectives.

This study examines the long-run and short-run relationships among international tourism, economic growth, and CO₂ emissions in Uzbekistan over the period 1991–2025. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is employed to assess the impact of international tourist arrivals on environmental quality and economic development. The findings indicate that the tourism sector plays a significant role in promoting economic growth. However, an increase in international tourist arrivals contributes to higher CO₂ emissions in the long run, confirming the existence of environmental consequences associated with tourism activities. The results of the Bounds Test reveal the presence of a long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables under investigation. The study provides important scientific and policy implications for promoting environmentally sustainable tourism development, reducing carbon emissions, and formulating green tourism policies in Uzbekistan. The findings highlight the necessity of balancing economic growth with environmental protection to ensure the long-term sustainability of the tourism sector

This article will comprehensively analyze the role and potential of the green economy in the innovative development of regional infrastructure. Global climate changes, restrictions on Natural Resources, and increased environmental pollution are calling for the introduction of a green economy-based development model. Especially at the regional level, the formation of infrastructure in an environmentally sustainable and innovative direction is one of the pressing issues. The article covers the basic principles of the green economy, its impact on infrastructure development, the importance of environmentally friendly energy sources, waste-free technologies and sustainable transport systems. Also considered in regional projects are the possibilities of attracting green investments, increasing environmental efficiency, rational use of resources using digital technologies. This article can be useful for professionals, researchers working in the area of regional infrastructure, as well as practitioners engaged in innovative and environmental approaches.

This article analyzes the impact of infrastructure on economic growth and explores the possibilities of increasing efficiency through standardization. Infrastructure has a significant impact on the economic development of the state, sustainable growth and competitiveness. The article reviews the effectiveness of state policies and implemented standards in various areas of infrastructure - transport, energy, communications and industrial infrastructure. The standardization process ensures the sustainability of economic growth through efficient resource management, the introduction of technological innovations and improving quality. Particular attention is paid to practical approaches to modernizing infrastructure in Uzbekistan and thereby achieving economic stability. The article also analyzes the economic benefits of the state's investment approach to infrastructure projects, including their role in creating jobs and strengthening competition in various sectors. The article, while demonstrating the positive impact of infrastructure and standardization on the economy, also assesses the future prospects of such policies.

This article, titled "The role and impact of cotton-textile clusters in economic development," examines the economic and social significance of cotton-textile clusters. The study explores the role of these clusters in creating job opportunities, supporting local economies, enhancing export potential, and fulfilling social responsibilities. Additionally, the article discusses the importance of environmental sustainability and sustainable development strategies. Through an analysis of methodologies, statistical data, and practical examples, the article provides insights into the contribution of cotton-textile clusters to economic development and offers guidance for future strategies.

This scientific article discusses the theoretical foundations of resource taxation, its economic essence and role in ensuring the stability of the state budget. The study analyzes theoretical approaches to the taxation of natural, financial and human resources, their impact on economic efficiency and their significance in fiscal policy. It also examines the stages of development of the resource tax system, the principles of their establishment and the scientific basis from the point of view of economic theories - classical, neoclassical and institutional approaches. The results of the study show the possibilities of financing state socio-economic development programs, rational use of natural resources and ensuring environmental sustainability through resource taxes.

This article is devoted to studying the role of ESG principles in ensuring the long-term sustainability of enterprises. ESG principles help to ensure the long-term development and sustainability of the enterprise by implementing responsibilities in the areas of environmental, social and governance into the business practices of enterprises, not only to benefit society and the environment, but also to ensure the long-term development and sustainability of the enterprise. The article analyzes the main elements of ESG principles, their impact on the economic efficiency and reputation of enterprises and the examples of companies that have successfully implemented these principles.

This article analyzes the significance and practical aspects of implementing ESG standards (Environmental, Social, and Governance) in the activities of insurance companies. It highlights the impact of ESG principles on investment processes, particularly in enhancing capital efficiency, improving risk management, and strengthening investor confidence. Based on the analysis of both domestic and international research, the article examines the mechanisms of ESG integration within the insurance sector and identifies key success factors as well as existing barriers. The paper provides practical recommendations for the effective implementation of ESG, including the development of internal policies, ensuring reporting transparency, and revising investment portfolios.

The article examines the role of insolation as a system-forming factor in the development and optimization of housing infrastructure under urbanization conditions. The interrelation between insolation and regional economic parameters is substantiated, including energy consumption, sanitary and hygienic indicators, and socio-demographic living conditions. Based on methods of mathematical modeling, algorithms for calculating and optimizing the insolation characteristics of residential development are proposed. Practical examples from housing construction in the city of Tashkent are analyzed, demonstrating the impact of insolation parameters on the economic indicators of the region. Conclusions and recommendations are formulated regarding the integration of insolation requirements into urban planning programs and housing policy projects.

The article systematically analyzes the socio-economic significance of the textile industry of Uzbekistan and modern trends in its development. The role of this industry in the formation of the gross domestic product, its impact on the level of employment, stimulation of regional economic activity, contribution to the formation of the foreign trade balance are considered. The prospects for the development of the industry in such areas as technological modernization, digitalization, adaptation to environmental standards and integration into the international market are analyzed. Based on theoretical approaches and modern statistical data, the article substantiates the transformation potential of the textile industry and provides practical recommendations for its further improvement.

Today, in a period of political and economic tensions around the world, environmental problems are also having an impact on the continued growth trends of countries' economies. The labor market, which is an integral part of the economy, is also facing a number of obstacles in this regard. In order to overcome these obstacles, a number of works are being carried out in our country to create new jobs, increase incomes, reduce unemployment, and improve the living standards of the population

This article provides a scientific analysis of the development of green financing mechanisms in the context of Uzbekistan during a period of economic recession. The study examines the country’s macroeconomic indicators, green finance instruments, and their impact on economic stability. In addition, based on the scientific works of international and domestic scholars, the theoretical foundations of green finance are discussed, and its practical state is assessed. The analysis substantiates the importance of green financing mechanisms in increasing investment activity, ensuring energy efficiency, and reducing economic risks. At the same time, existing problems in this area are identified, and scientifically grounded proposals and recommendations for addressing them are developed

This article analyzes the main features, development factors and prospects of the green economy. Global trends in the transition to a green economy, its impact on the environment and economic stability have been considered. Particular attention is paid to the measures and promising directions implemented in Uzbekistan for the development of the green economy. Based on the results of the analysis, priorities and recommendations for the development of the green economy have been developed.