This article provides a scientific analysis of the evolution of corporate governance systems in the context of the digital economy and changes in their institutional framework. The study substantiates that digital technologies are no longer auxiliary tools but have become the institutional core of modern corporate governance. Particular attention is paid to the changing role of the board of directors in shaping digital strategy, data governance, and digital risk management. The paper systematically examines institutional, organizational, technological, and regulatory challenges associated with the implementation of digital corporate governance in state-owned enterprises. The findings indicate that digital corporate governance enhances transparency, improves the timeliness and quality of managerial decision-making, and strengthens investment attractiveness. An original approach to a digital corporate governance model adapted to the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan is proposed.

This article analyzes the innovative mechanisms for integrating ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) principles into the corporate governance system and their impact on organizational efficiency. The study identifies factors that contribute to the sustainable development of companies, strengthening their social responsibility and environmental stability, as well as increasing corporate value through the implementation of ESG standards. The research examines the experience of implementing innovative approaches, including digital technologies, “green” investments, and responsible corporate governance models. Furthermore, scientifically grounded proposals and recommendations have been developed to assess the impact of ESG principles on economic efficiency, investment attractiveness, and corporate reputation. The results of the study contribute to a deeper understanding of modern trends in corporate governance and to the formation of sustainable development strategies for companies.

The article discusses the issues of corporate governance, which is one of the relevant directions of modern socio-economic research. Improving the system of corporate governance contributes to enhancing the efficiency of enterprises and expanding their access to external financing, thus being one of the essential conditions for sustainable economic growth of the country. The global experience of food industry enterprises shows that the corporate form of management will contribute to the expansion of the national food market and countering the expansion of large foreign companies.

This article analyzes advanced practices in improving corporate governance systems based on the experience of foreign countries. The focus is placed on key principles of corporate governance, such as the protection of shareholders’ interests, the independence and accountability of management bodies, information transparency, and the prevention of conflicts of interest. The study reviews international standards, including the OECD Principles, G20/FSB recommendations, and documents such as the UK Corporate Governance Code. The author provides specific examples from international practice regarding the role of supervisory boards, the functions of independent directors, the effectiveness of audit committees, and the importance of internal control mechanisms. The article concludes with suggestions for applying foreign experience in the context of Uzbekistan. It evaluates the adaptability of these practices from legal, institutional, and economic perspectives, and offers recommendations for enhancing the quality of corporate governance in national companies.

The article highlights the importance of internal audit in the corporate governance of joint-stock companies. The measures taken in the Republic of Uzbekistan to radically improve the efficiency of joint-stock companies and the introduction of modern corporate governance methods have been scientifically studied. A scientific interpretation of the concept of "corporate governance" is presented, as well as an effective corporate governance structure.

"NKMK" JSC, a world leader in the mining industry, is one of the four largest gold producers in the world. During its 65-year history, the company was the first to master and develop the full cycle of gold mining, from innovative geological exploration to the production of the highest quality finished product. From January 1, 2022, an active and large-scale transformation process has begun, which involves the introduction of modern corporate management principles into the system of "Navoi mining and metallurgical combine" JSC. This article examines the introduction of corporate governance principles in JSC "NKMK" and its initial results today. The article defines the term corporate governance, how it affects the growth and development of enterprises in general, then analyzes corporate governance in JSC "NKMK" and compares the results of JSC "NKMK" with the list of Top-10 leading mining companies. In the conclusion, the author summarizes the analysis of corporate management based on the "case" of "NKMK" JSC.

The article analyzes the role of ESG criteria (Environmental, Social, and Governance), which have become an integral part of the modern corporate governance system, in the activities of joint-stock companies. Particular attention is paid to assessing the impact of sustainable development factors on the management efficiency of industrial enterprises with a high environmental burden, based on both international and domestic experience. The study theoretically and practically examines the influence of ESG components on the management system, risk management mechanisms, and the investment attractiveness of enterprises.

These findings underscore the need for context-specific corporate governance models to optimize overall financial performance and mitigate risk. This research contributes to the understanding of how multiple governance models affect bank stability globally and provides information for policy makers and bank executives aiming to improve governance frameworks. These findings underscore the need for context-specific ways of corporate governance to optimize economic performance and mitigate risk. This research contributes to the expert knowledge of the ways in which different governance models affect the global stability of financial institutions and provides information for policymakers and bank executives aiming to improve governance frameworks.

To determine the directions for improving corporate culture in joint-stock companies, attention must be paid to its advantages and problems. An effective corporate culture directly influences the activities and long-term prospects of joint-stock companies. Such a culture is one of the most important factors for the success of joint-stock companies and is crucial in maintaining a competitive edge. Moreover, it affects the ethical virtues, dedication, work productivity, physical health, and emotional well-being of individuals in the organization. This article analyzes the problems of corporate culture in joint-stock companies and identifies ways to effectively address them. It also examines the importance of corporate culture and its role in the company's operations, as well as the impact of culture on economic indicators. Issues such as insufficient development of corporate culture, weak communication among employees, and non-compliance with ethics and values are analyzed. Solutions proposed include strategic approaches to developing corporate culture, regular educational and training programs, creating an open communication and trust environment, and developing and implementing ethical codes. The research provides practical recommendations for improving and effectively managing corporate culture in joint-stock companies.

To determine the directions for improving corporate culture in joint-stock companies, attention must be paid to its advantages and problems. An effective corporate culture directly influences the activities and long-term prospects of joint-stock companies. Such a culture is one of the most important factors for the success of joint-stock companies and is crucial in maintaining a competitive edge. Moreover, it affects the ethical virtues, dedication, work productivity, physical health, and emotional well-being of individuals in the organization. This article analyzes the problems of corporate culture in joint-stock companies and identifies ways to effectively address them. It also examines the importance of corporate culture and its role in the company's operations, as well as the impact of culture on economic indicators. Issues such as insufficient development of corporate culture, weak communication among employees, and non-compliance with ethics and values are analyzed. Solutions proposed include strategic approaches to developing corporate culture, regular educational and training programs, creating an open communication and trust environment, and developing and implementing ethical codes. The research provides practical recommendations for improving and effectively managing corporate culture in joint-stock companies.

This research investigates the function of corporate governance in enhancing the application of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) within Uzbekistan’s commercial banking industry. This research employs secondary data from sustainability reports, annual disclosures, and publications by the Central Bank of Uzbekistan and international financial institutions to critically examine the impact of governance structures-such as board independence, gender diversity, and oversight committees-on ESG integration and financial stability. The results show that more and more Uzbek banks are reporting on ESG issues. In 2019, just two banks did this, but by 2024, eight banks will be doing it. Banks with boards that are more independent and diverse show far better ESG performance and financial strength, which is shown by greater returns on assets and fewer loans that are not performing. The paper also points out ongoing problems, such as a lack of ESG knowledge, no standardised reporting standards, and uneven policy implementation. The study finds that corporate governance is both a base and a force behind sustainable finance. To bring Uzbekistan's banking practices in line with global sustainability standards, it calls for a national ESG disclosure standard, more accountability at the board level, and stronger institutional capacity building.

This article examines the importance and methods of improving the corporate governance system based on international standards, as well as what benefits this process can bring to organizations. Information is provided on modern approaches to corporate governance, globally accepted standards, as well as the importance of their application in the creation of an effective and transparent management system of corporations. The article discusses ways to improve the activities of organizations and ensure their long-term stability using systematic and integrative approaches to management, taking into account international experience and advanced practices. At the same time, in changing economic conditions, the strategic importance of implementing responsible and effective management systems is widely covered.

Corporate culture contributes to the long-term development and improvement of the efficiency of enterprise management, as well as determines the mission and long-term strategies of the company. Currently, in the world, along with modern models of corporate governance, the peculiarities of corporate culture as a separate sphere are being studied. The growing acceleration of the globalization process, the expansion of the scale and the development of integration between countries and companies require a broader and deeper study of corporate culture. Therefore, much attention is paid to this direction by scientists in the field of management. In this research paper, modern models of corporate culture and some of their aspects across the country and the company were analyzed.

This article analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of digital governance formation in joint-stock companies based on the experience of developed countries. The study substantiates that digital governance is not limited to the implementation of information technologies, but represents a comprehensive economic management model that enhances the quality of decision-making, corporate control, accountability, and institutional stability. A comparative analysis of the experiences of the United States, the European Union, Japan, South Korea, and Singapore identifies universal factors of digital governance and the patterns of phased transformation. The findings have significant scientific and practical value for adapting digital governance in joint-stock companies in Uzbekistan in accordance with the national institutional environment.

This study investigates the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosure on bank profitability and market value in Uzbekistan an underexplored emerging economy in Central Asia undergoing rapid financial and sustainability reforms. Using a panel dataset of 22 commercial banks from 2015 to 2024, we construct a hand-collected ESG disclosure index through systematic content analysis of annual and sustainability reports, supplemented by financial data from the Central Bank of Uzbekistan. Net profit margin serves as the primary measure of profitability, while Tobin’s Q and market capitalization proxy for market value. Employing fixed effects, random effects, and System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimators to address endogeneity and unobserved heterogeneity, we find that higher ESG disclosure is significantly associated with improved bank profitability. Notably, this relationship is driven almost exclusively by the governance (G) pillar, while environmental (E) and social (S) disclosures show no statistically significant effects highlighting the context-specific materiality of ESG dimensions in transitional economies. Robustness checks, including lagged specifications, sub-sample analyses by ownership type, and alternative ESG measures, confirm the reliability of our findings. The results suggest that in Uzbekistan’s institutional environment characterized by ongoing corporate governance reforms and nascent green finance infrastructure transparency in board oversight, risk management, and anti-corruption mechanisms enhances operational efficiency and stakeholder trust, thereby boosting net margins. Our study contributes to the limited literature on ESG-finance linkages in Central Asia and challenges universalist assumptions about ESG materiality by demonstrating that governance remains the most financially relevant pillar in early-stage reform contexts. The findings carry important implications for regulators, bank managers, and international investors: prioritizing credible governance disclosure offers a strategic pathway to both financial performance and market legitimacy. As Uzbekistan advances its National Strategy for Green Economy Development, this research provides empirical grounding for sequenced, institutionally attuned ESG integration in the banking sector.

This article evaluates the effectiveness of corporate governance in state-owned enterprises in Uzbekistan using the institutional iSOEF diagnostic framework and practical indicators from the WBES dataset. The findings indicate that weak transparency, irregular audit practices, insufficient board independence, slow corporatization processes, and high regulatory burdens constrain governance quality and amplify institutional risks. The integrated analysis of macro- and micro-level information reveals the systemic nature of these challenges and provides evidence-based recommendations for modernizing corporate governance within the state sector.

The article describes the need and importance of the organizational and economic mechanism of corporate governance in the construction industry. The author explores and compares the views of foreign and uzbek researchers in the field of organizational and economic mechanism of corporate governance. The author also proposes the structure of the organizational and economic management mechanism in the construction industry, based on the characteristics of this industry.

This article examines the current state of Uzbekistan’s financial market and the key institutional challenges emerging in the course of its development. In particular, it provides a scholarly analysis of such factors as low investor confidence, the relatively high cost of capital, the quality of corporate governance, and the limited availability of long-term financing sources. In addressing these challenges, the paper elaborates on the economic foundations and mechanisms for integrating ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) principles into the financial system. Drawing on the findings of international empirical studies, it synthesizes the impact of ESG factors on risk reduction, enhanced information transparency, and improved access to capital. Furthermore, the study formulates scientific and practical recommendations regarding the priority areas and institutional mechanisms for the implementation of ESG principles in the context of Uzbekistan.

This article discusses key aspects of corporate governance in universities, including accountability, transparency, strategic leadership, and stakeholder involvement. The main principles, governance models, and challenges faced by educational institutions are analyzed, along with solutions aimed at improving efficiency and sustainability.

This article analyzes the institutional aspects of corporate governance systems in mitigating corruption risks in state-owned enterprises. Based on international experience including OECD principles, ESG indicators, and best practices from developed countries the study examines the independence of supervisory boards, the effectiveness of internal and external audit mechanisms, the level of transparency, and conflict-of-interest management frameworks. Through a combination of systematic analysis, comparative methods, and empirical approaches, the research evaluates governance practices in major state-involved companies in Uzbekistan and proposes specific recommendations for their improvement.

The article highlights the main content and essence of the newly adopted Corporate Governance Principles by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in 2023. The work reveals the main purpose of these principles and their legal status, providing brief commentary on the principles. Based on the research results, conclusions were drawn regarding the use of corporate governance principles in Uzbekistan.

The sustainable development of the national financial market is closely linked to the modern mechanisms of corporate capital formation and the efficiency of the securities market. This study provides a detailed analysis of the integration processes between corporate finance instruments and the capital market infrastructure, and scientifically highlights the impact of the securities market on investment processes. During the research, system analysis, comparative economic analysis, economic-statistical methods, and analysis of the regulatory and legal framework were employed. The results showed that the interaction between corporate finance and the securities market can optimize capital value, expand the investment opportunities of enterprises, and contribute to the sustainable growth of the national economy. Such measures ensure the transparency and competitiveness of the financial system and contribute to its improvement in line with international standards.

In this article, there are scientific views on the use of digital technologies to improve the efficiency of corporate management in foreign developed countries and joint-stock companies operating in our country, the study of the world experience in this area, the legal basis of corporate management and increasing its efficiency in our country, scientific definitions of efficiency indicators and their analysis, the impact of efficiency indicators on corporate management. , important indicators of efficiency, factors for evaluating the efficiency of corporate management, and issues of increasing the role of digital technologies in increasing the efficiency of corporate management are analyzed and the author's views are expressed.

This article provides extensive coverage of the main aspects of the internal control
system of joint-stock companies in the process of corporate governance. The measures taken in the practice of effective organization of the activities of joint-stock companies in the Republic of Uzbekistan, the introduction of an internal audit system of management processes have been scientifically studied. The concept of "internal control" and its role in the process of effective management of joint-stock companies are analyzed. 

This study explores the privatization of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) through Initial Public Offerings (IPO) and Secondary Public Offerings (SPO), with a focus on Uzbekistan's evolving capital market. Drawing on international experiences from countries such as Korea, China, India, and Turkey, the research highlights how SOE listings can enhance corporate governance, attract foreign investment, increase transparency, and stimulate overall economic development. The article analyzes Uzbekistan’s current market environment, including government-led reforms, investor base limitations, weak listing infrastructure, and challenges in disclosure and corporate governance. While recent initiatives demonstrate a strong governmental push for IPOs of major SOEs, the study identifies systemic barriers such as insufficient institutional investors, underdeveloped underwriting practices, and a lack of market awareness among retail investors. The paper concludes with actionable recommendations, including phased IPO implementations, capacity building for investment banks, strengthening disclosure practices, and fostering public interest in equity investment. The findings aim to support Uzbekistan’s strategic transition from a state-led to a market-oriented economy through sustainable and well-managed privatization programs.