This article covers the essence of state debt, its types, financial sources, the differences between foreign investment and state external debt. The article also describes in what cases and for what purposes the state resorts to debt obligations. The article analyzes the economic and financial situation of the debts received by Uzbekistan, and indicates from which countries and foreign financial institutions the amount of debt was received. It also provides a statistical analysis of the sectors and areas to which debt obligations received by Uzbekistan are directed.

The study aims to evaluate the impact of budget balance and gross government debt on inflation in Uzbekistan for 2011-2024. A multiple linear regression analysis was employed. Results indicate a statistically significant positive relationship between budget balance, government debt, and inflation, with budget balance exerting the strongest effect.

The article examined the integration of the digital economy and public debt management, as well as the formation of new financial models. Innovative areas of Public Debt Management based on Artificial Intelligence, big data, Blockchain and fintech technologies were analyzed. Scientific conclusions were developed based on international experience and macroeconomic indicators of Uzbekistan.

Modern financial science pays considerable attention to the study of the impact of fiscal policy on social development. The quality and timeliness of decision-making on the formation and implementation of budget policy affect the balance of public finances, the level of effectiveness of state regulation of socio-economic processes. Budgetary policy affects the effectiveness of financial and economic transformations in the public finance system, provides financing for the structural restructuring of the economy, stimulating the development of its priority sectors, accelerating the intensification of production and the level of development of society.