The article analyzes the content and significance of the concept of "Practical analysis of pension system financing", income and expenses of the pension fund, financial sources of the pension fund, demographic, economic, social factors affecting the pension fund, state pension provision, funded pension provision, private pension provision, distributed and mixed pension models.
This article provides a scientific-theoretical and empirical analysis of the prospects for the gradual introduction of the state social insurance system in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Based on the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On State Social Insurance” No. ORQ-1101 dated December 9, 2025, mechanisms for covering such social risks as maternity and childbirth benefits, temporary disability benefits, and later unemployment benefits are being introduced starting from 2026. The article examines the limitations of the existing pension system, the economic and social effectiveness of the new system, issues of demographic pressure, and financial sustainability. For the empirical analysis, tables and graphs based on data from the State Statistics Agency, the World Bank, and the International Labour Organization are presented. The research findings indicate that the social insurance system plays a significant role in promoting formal employment, reducing the risk of poverty, and supporting economic growth. However, challenges such as the informal sector and demographic aging need to be addressed.
Foreign direct investment (FDI) is an important factor in the economic growth and development of a country. At the regional level, foreign direct investment represents long-term capital investments by foreign investors in the economies of specific territories of a country, aimed at establishing new enterprises, modernizing and expanding existing production facilities, as well as developing regional infrastructure and increasing the investment activity of the region. This article examines the factors and indicators that determine regional differences in attracting foreign direct investment. The influence of economic, institutional, infrastructural, and socio-demographic conditions on the level of investment activity in different regions is examined.
