This paper presents an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to estimate the impact of secondary stock market capitalization, number of trades in the secondary stock market, and secondary stock market turnover on the stock market index. At the same time, based on econometric analysis, long-term and short-term connections between changes in the market turnover of secondary securities and the stock market index are described.

The digital transformation of the economy has become a crucial factor in reshaping consumer market dynamics around the world, especially in emerging economies. This article examines the impact of digitalization on the development and structural change of the consumer market in Uzbekistan. The study analyzes how the expansion of digital technologies, such as e-commerce platforms, digital payment systems, online retail services, and data-driven marketing, has changed consumer behavior, market access, competition, and efficiency. The study results show that digital transformation has contributed to increasing market transparency, reducing transaction costs, expanding consumer choice, and enhancing the role of small and medium-sized enterprises in the consumer market. At the same time, the study identified persistent challenges related to digital inequality, infrastructure gaps, and regulatory adaptation. The article concludes that a sustainable digital transformation, supported by targeted policy measures and institutional reforms, is crucial for building a competitive, inclusive, and resilient consumer market in Uzbekistan.

The article examines the meaning and significance of the concept of "foreign experience of investment activities of commercial banks in the stock market", changes in the stock market of foreign countries, changes in the volume of securities of commercial banks in the USA, changes in the volume of securities of commercial banks in Germany, the economic essence of increasing the investment activity of commercial banks in the stock market, the fund of tasks of commercial banks in the market, the stock market and other markets in the economy, an analysis of the main aspects of investment activities of commercial banks in the stock market.

The article considers current trends in the labor market and the market of
educational services in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The demographic aspect of the development of
education in the republic and the growth in demand for a highly skilled workforce. The article
outlines some ideas for overcoming the existing discrepancy between the market of educational
services and the requirements of the labor market in modern Uzbekistan. In addition, the author
considers the features of the functioning of labor markets and educational services and identifies
the problems of their interaction. When studying the labor market of Uzbekistan, the factors
influencing it were identified and the influence of these factors was theoretically substantiated.
Their manifestation in practice is shown from the point of view of demographic processes in the
labor market and the market of educational services. General conclusions are made and
theoretical and practical recommendations are developed

This article studies the role of capital market participants in the transition to a green economy, the role of the capital market in the transition to a green economy, the importance of green financial instruments and their approaches to types. The role of green investors in the capital market, the functions of capital market participants in the transition to a green economy, and the share of green bonds in the international green bond market by type are analyzed. Based on the analysis, relevant conclusions are given.

The national capital market in Uzbekistan is undergoing a significant transformation as part of the country's broader economic liberalization and modernization efforts. This article provides an in-depth assessment of the current state of the capital market in Uzbekistan, analyzes the problems it faces and the prospects for its development. The analysis draws on recent reforms, legislative changes and market trends to assess the effectiveness of current strategies and suggest recommendations for further improvements. The results highlight the importance of a coherent regulatory framework, increased market transparency and increased investor confidence in creating a dynamic and sustainable capital market in Uzbekistan.

This article also examines the impact of the development of the international currency market on the global financial architecture. During the study, various aspects were studied, including the economic essence, theoretical and legal foundations for attracting capital from the international financial market, analysis of the current state of attracting capital, literature analysis, and a research project. As a result of research identified the problems and opportunities associated with the development of the international foreign exchange market. It was determined that in order to develop a more efficient and stable foreign exchange market, it is necessary to strengthen the regulatory framework, increase market transparency, improve risk management practices, and strengthen investor protection measures.

This article analyzes various theoretical foundations and methodological approaches to the efficiency of the modern capital market. The objective reasons for uncertainty in risk assessment and forecasting in the capital market are critically examined. The emergence of theories such as behavioral finance, the adaptive market hypothesis, and market microstructure is interpreted as new methodological approaches.

The sustainable development of the national financial market is closely linked to the modern mechanisms of corporate capital formation and the efficiency of the securities market. This study provides a detailed analysis of the integration processes between corporate finance instruments and the capital market infrastructure, and scientifically highlights the impact of the securities market on investment processes. During the research, system analysis, comparative economic analysis, economic-statistical methods, and analysis of the regulatory and legal framework were employed. The results showed that the interaction between corporate finance and the securities market can optimize capital value, expand the investment opportunities of enterprises, and contribute to the sustainable growth of the national economy. Such measures ensure the transparency and competitiveness of the financial system and contribute to its improvement in line with international standards.

This article is devoted to the analysis of the state of the modern insurance market of Uzbekistan, which is characterized by the growth of the volume of operations, emergence of new directions of insurance activity, aggravation of competition and strengthening of the role of insurance regulator to the situation in the market. It considers the results of the insurance market for the last 4 years, including its main financial indicators and changes in the composition of the main market participants, the policy pursued by the government aimed at raising the insurance market to a new qualitative level and new prospects of development in the conditions of sustainable economic growth of the country.

This study examines the impact of the new securities income payment order, implemented in June 2024, on the liquidity of Uzbekistan’s securities market. By analyzing stock market activity data from the first half of 2024 and August 2024, the research evaluates the current market conditions and forecasts potential changes under the new regulatory framework. The paper focuses on key aspects of the new order, such as centralized payments through the Central Securities Depository and the involvement of investment intermediaries. The findings suggest that the new order may enhance liquidity by speeding up payments and reducing operational risks. However, there may be temporary operational delays during the initial phase, which could negatively impact market activity. The study also reviews existing research on the effects of regulatory changes on liquidity in both developed and emerging markets. Unlike previous research, this study emphasizes short-term changes following the introduction of the new order and considers the unique characteristics of Uzbekistan’s market. Practical recommendations are provided to optimize the payment system and further improve market liquidity.

In this article, the stock market of Uzbekistan and securities for choosing an investment portfolio for investors operating in the stock market are analyzed based on the CAPM model and other indicators. In addition, the development prospects of Uzbekistan's stock market, problems and their solutions are thoroughly researched. Investment portfolio analysis is an important tool used to evaluate the performance of investment portfolios in the capital market. This analysis involves evaluating various assets in the portfolio such as stocks and other financial instruments. In addition, the article explores the analysis necessary for investors to assess the risk and return of their investments and maximize their returns.

The article explores the content of the developing stock market, the specifics of its functioning and its relationship with the indicators of economic growth of countries, reflects recommendations aimed at improving the mechanisms of action of the stock market in the Republic of Uzbekistan.

The article covers the issues of the establishment, introduction, development of takaful insurance funds in Uzbekistan and the essence of the Islamic financial market, the study of scientific approaches to its modern Islamic financial instruments, as well as the scientific foundations of the mechanism and typology of the takaful insurance market; elucidates scientific and theoretical views on the content of takaful insurance funds as an economic category and its role in the global insurance market, and assesses the development and modern state of takaful insurance funds in the insurance market.

This study explores the privatization of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) through Initial Public Offerings (IPO) and Secondary Public Offerings (SPO), with a focus on Uzbekistan's evolving capital market. Drawing on international experiences from countries such as Korea, China, India, and Turkey, the research highlights how SOE listings can enhance corporate governance, attract foreign investment, increase transparency, and stimulate overall economic development. The article analyzes Uzbekistan’s current market environment, including government-led reforms, investor base limitations, weak listing infrastructure, and challenges in disclosure and corporate governance. While recent initiatives demonstrate a strong governmental push for IPOs of major SOEs, the study identifies systemic barriers such as insufficient institutional investors, underdeveloped underwriting practices, and a lack of market awareness among retail investors. The paper concludes with actionable recommendations, including phased IPO implementations, capacity building for investment banks, strengthening disclosure practices, and fostering public interest in equity investment. The findings aim to support Uzbekistan’s strategic transition from a state-led to a market-oriented economy through sustainable and well-managed privatization programs.

This article analyzes the level of development of Uzbekistan's securities market, as well as existing problems and shortcomings. The study examines the current state of the stock market, the activities of government and private sector securities, and their economic efficiency. Key issues identified include the low liquidity of the securities market, the limited range of investment instruments, weak integration into international financial markets, and a lack of financial literacy. Additionally, the article explores factors such as the underdevelopment of capital market infrastructure, information asymmetry, and the limited opportunities for Islamic finance.

This article is devoted to the study of problems related to the operations of commercial banks in the securities market and ways to overcome them. Banks operate in the stock market in order to diversify their financial portfolio, manage risks and generate additional income. However, a number of problems arise in this process: factors such as lack of liquidity, market volatility, regulatory restrictions and information asymmetry can reduce the effectiveness of banking operations. To solve these problems, modern risk management methods, new rules adopted by regulatory authorities, the possibility of adapting to market conditions and using technological innovations are analyzed. The relevance of the topic is due to the importance of ensuring the financial stability of banks in conditions of volatility of global financial markets.

Direct or indirect regulation of the banking services market serves to prevent and minimize negative situations that may occur. Regulation and control of the market of banking services by the Central Bank will not only develop inter-bank competition in the country, but also create a basis for increasing the quantity and quality of banking services. From this point of view, the research and improvement of regulatory practices of the banking services market in the Republic of Uzbekistan is a factor of sustainable development of the banking system. In this article, the issues of regulation of the market of banking services in the Republic of Uzbekistan are studied and relevant recommendations are developed.

The article discusses the issues of increasing the socio-economic efficiency of the functioning of the dehkan market in the conditions of free economic management, taking into account the specific characteristics of the dehkan market to be analyzed and evaluated within the framework of active participation in the sphere of circulation, and also draws attention to the possibilities of the dehkan market for more effective regulation of commercial relations. the relationship between sellers and buyers of agricultural products, the most favorable conditions for the performance of these operations are given. taking into account current and strategic objectives.

This article examines the state of the movement of commodity and material resources in the commodity market of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2015–2024, the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators and the composition of foreign trade using comparative and statistical analysis methods. The main objective of the study is to assess structural changes in the commodity market, identify existing problems related to logistics and import dependence, and develop scientifically based recommendations for the development of the sector. The results of the analysis show that during the period under study, the country's GDP increased by 72.6%, and foreign trade turnover by 177%. In addition, the volume of digital trade increased by an average annual rate of 40.2%, becoming the most promising segment of the commodity market. At the same time, systemic problems such as the high share of raw materials in the export structure, high logistics costs, and economic disparity between regions (a 6.3-fold difference between the city of Tashkent and Karakalpakstan) remained. The research findings developed practical proposals aimed at improving import substitution policies, developing logistics infrastructure, and reducing regional inequality.

The fisheries sector is vital for global food security but faces increasing sustainability challenges. A well-developed B2B (business-to-business) market, linking producers, processors and distributors, can add value and stimulate innovation across the supply chain. Theoretical foundations and methodological approaches to the formation of a B2B market in fisheries, together with the role of such a market in promoting sustainable development, are examined with reference to both global and Uzbek experience. UN/FAO data and industry studies are integrated to analyse trends, constraints and best practices. Key findings indicate that the adoption of advanced processing, certification schemes and digital solutions within B2B channels improves efficiency and reduces waste. Policy support for B2B platforms, targeted technical training and incentives for sustainable practices are recommended.

This study investigates the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosure on bank profitability and market value in Uzbekistan an underexplored emerging economy in Central Asia undergoing rapid financial and sustainability reforms. Using a panel dataset of 22 commercial banks from 2015 to 2024, we construct a hand-collected ESG disclosure index through systematic content analysis of annual and sustainability reports, supplemented by financial data from the Central Bank of Uzbekistan. Net profit margin serves as the primary measure of profitability, while Tobin’s Q and market capitalization proxy for market value. Employing fixed effects, random effects, and System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimators to address endogeneity and unobserved heterogeneity, we find that higher ESG disclosure is significantly associated with improved bank profitability. Notably, this relationship is driven almost exclusively by the governance (G) pillar, while environmental (E) and social (S) disclosures show no statistically significant effects highlighting the context-specific materiality of ESG dimensions in transitional economies. Robustness checks, including lagged specifications, sub-sample analyses by ownership type, and alternative ESG measures, confirm the reliability of our findings. The results suggest that in Uzbekistan’s institutional environment characterized by ongoing corporate governance reforms and nascent green finance infrastructure transparency in board oversight, risk management, and anti-corruption mechanisms enhances operational efficiency and stakeholder trust, thereby boosting net margins. Our study contributes to the limited literature on ESG-finance linkages in Central Asia and challenges universalist assumptions about ESG materiality by demonstrating that governance remains the most financially relevant pillar in early-stage reform contexts. The findings carry important implications for regulators, bank managers, and international investors: prioritizing credible governance disclosure offers a strategic pathway to both financial performance and market legitimacy. As Uzbekistan advances its National Strategy for Green Economy Development, this research provides empirical grounding for sequenced, institutionally attuned ESG integration in the banking sector.

Based on the program of rapid development of the national economy and ensuring high growth rates of the New Development Strategy of Uzbekistan for 2022-2026, determined by the President of our country Mirziyoyev, and in order to ensure its implementation, the quality of property value assessment, including the market value of real estate in the insurance process who mentioned the necessity and urgency of improving research on increasing efficiency. The situation in the real estate market for the first half of 2022 was analyzed by the Center for Economic Research and Reforms. The volume of sales on the real estate market in Uzbekistan increased by 6%. According to the results of the analysis, 126,000 real estate sales contracts were signed in Uzbekistan in the first half of 2022, which is 6% more than in the same period of 2021 (119,000). Therefore, improving the management of real estate objects on the basis of digital technologies is one of today's priority tasks. This article describes the role of trust management in improving the efficiency of real estate management and their introduction to the national real estate market.

This article analyzes the concept of financial derivatives, their types and practical application. It also presents the level of development of the derivatives market in Uzbekistan, existing problems and the author's proposals for their elimination. The study highlights the importance of derivatives for the economy, their role in risk management and the opportunities they create for investors. The author proposes important measures to improve the legislative framework, create infrastructure and attract investors to develop the financial derivatives market in Uzbekistan.

This article examines the processes of integration of traditional and Islamic banking activities, their impact on the global financial market, and the opportunities and challenges in this area. The study analyzes the economic efficiency of the creation of “Islamic windows” within traditional banks, their role in ensuring financial stability, and the possibilities of diversifying the financial market. It also highlights the importance of this integration in the stability of the banking system in developing countries and attracting foreign investment based on empirical and theoretical approaches. The article reveals the prospects for international financial cooperation and strengthening the position of Islamic finance in the global financial market.