This article covers stages such as determining nonlinear trends of time series, mathematical modeling, finding trend equations using regression methods, and forecasting. In particular, taking into account the complex dynamics of economic processes, the advantages of exponential, logarithmic, and polynomial models were analyzed. The accuracy and error criteria of the forecast results are considered using practical examples.

In this article, mathematical models are compiled based on the dynamics of electricity supply volumes in the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2010-2023, as well as for the period from 2010 to 2017 and beyond. The forecast indicators for the period from 2024 to 2030 have been determined. The dynamics of the growth of electricity supply volumes during the study period is also analyzed.

This article examines the technology of solving economic problems using linear programming methods based on 2026 data. Graphical and simplex methods are analyzed in detail through two important practical examples: Uzbekistan’s national silk industry (atlas and shoyi production). For each problem, a mathematical model is constructed and optimal solutions are found based on 2026 price and resource indicators. The atlas and shoyi production example demonstrates the national economy and export direction. The article demonstrates the practical application of linear programming in economic decision-making and its limitations.

In this article, based on the dynamics of electricity production and gross domestic product in the Republic of Uzbekistan, mathematical models were constructed for the period 2010-2023 and further until 2017. Forecast indicators for the period from 2024 to 2030 were determined. An econometric analysis of the impact of electricity production on GDP for the period under study was also conducted.

This article develops an economic model for the transition of public higher education institutions to a program-based (performance-oriented) budgeting system in the context of a transitional economy. The study proposes an economic and mathematical funding model in which the amount of allocated funding consists of a baseline allocation and a performance-based component linked to an integrated performance index. A four-stage implementation model is substantiated, providing for the gradual increase in the share of performance-based funding. A comparative analysis of international experience is conducted, and the proposed model is adapted to the specific characteristics of a transitional economy. The findings offer a systematic approach that links public budget allocations to educational quality and institutional performance, minimizes financial risks, and enhances the efficiency of resource utilization.

This article presents a theoretical and practical comparison between classical econometric modeling and modeling based on the fuzzy differential equations approach for forecasting agricultural yields. The study describes the mathematical structures of both models, the interrelationships between variables, and the methodology of modeling while accounting for uncertainty.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the theoretical, methodological, and institutional aspects of implementing a mass property valuation system in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The study substantiates the limitations of traditional cadastral valuation methods in an economy based on market mechanisms and reveals the necessity of introducing a transparent and automated mass valuation system aligned with international best practices. The paper presents a comparative analysis of individual and mass valuation approaches, highlighting their role in tax base formation and functional differences. The advantages of using GIS technologies, mathematical and statistical models, large-scale data (Big Data), and multiplicative valuation models in the mass valuation process are demonstrated. In addition, ongoing reforms, the regulatory and legal framework, institutional structures, and step-by-step implementation mechanisms of the valuation system are analyzed. The research findings contribute to fair and economically justified property tax assessment, stabilization of budget revenues, and increased transparency in the real estate market.

The article examines the scientific and practical aspects of ensuring sanitary and environmental conditions for residents through the optimization of insolation within a microdistrict. It is shown that insolation is one of the key factors in shaping a healthy and comfortable urban environment, directly influencing building energy efficiency, ecological balance, and architectural and urban planning solutions. Calculation methods are proposed based on building geometry, regional climatic features, and the use of mathematical modeling. The interrelations of sanitary, ecological, and demographic conditions in the optimization of microdistrict infrastructure are demonstrated. Practical examples from the city of Tashkent and international experience are analyzed. Recommendations have been developed for integrating insolation requirements into regional urban development programs.

The proposed methodology for improving freight delivery enables the calculation of all types of shipments and reduces delivery time. It defines the decision-making process during the execution of various operations at stations. A model based on mathematical modeling of the technological process dependency is proposed for making effective decisions. To verify the methodology for standardizing transportation duration, it is necessary to organize the process considering the delay of each technological operation. The main reason for applying standards is to accelerate cargo delivery and ensure the proper distribution of penalties among railways for late delivery. In turn, this will help develop contractual relationships with clients and improve the overall system.