This article discusses the macroeconomic aspects of leasing investment as a mechanism of modernization of reproduction of the real sector of the economy, as well as its development in the conditions of transformation of the national economy.

The article examines the need to create an effective mechanism for value-added taxation in the tax practice of New Uzbekistan, tasks, systemic problems and issues of their solution. The author’s approach to substantiating the theoretical and methodological content of the tax mechanism in the prospects of socio-economic development of the country is proposed, which made it possible to identify the essential features of taxation, its significance and factorial nature, and the multilevel structure of the state tax mechanism. The possibilities of creating an effective mechanism for value-added taxation in the tax system of the Republic of Uzbekistan have been studied, and recommendations have been developed.

The article describes the need and importance of the organizational and economic mechanism of corporate governance in the construction industry. The author explores and compares the views of foreign and uzbek researchers in the field of organizational and economic mechanism of corporate governance. The author also proposes the structure of the organizational and economic management mechanism in the construction industry, based on the characteristics of this industry.

The article examines the current issues of improving the efficiency of managing the entrepreneurial activities of sports organizations in Uzbekistan. An economic mechanism is proposed, aimed at optimizing the processes of income generation, expense control, and enhancing the overall financial stability of a sports organization. The mechanism includes financial-economic, marketing, organizational-managerial, and control-analytical blocks. The effectiveness of the proposed mechanism is demonstrated using the example of the "Lokomotiv" football club; its main sources of income and expenditure directions are analyzed, and target indicators for performance assessment are also proposed.

In developed countries, by improving the practical foundations of the credit mechanism, the role of commercial banks in the development of the real sector of the economy, in ensuring the efficiency of the use of loans, and in the development of bank lending activities on the basis of innovations is ensured.
The article reveals urgent problems related to the improvement of the practical foundations of the credit mechanism and develops scientific problems aimed at solving these problems.

The article examines the specific features of the functioning of the current mechanism for managing public procurement in the Republic of Uzbekistan. A comprehensive analysis of the regulatory and legal framework, organizational structure, and procedural components of the procurement system has been conducted, covering the stages of planning, tendering, contract conclusion, and monitoring of contract implementation. The study identifies key challenges affecting the efficiency of public procurement, including a low level of automation, limited competition, weak coordination among procurement entities, and a formal approach to assessing actual needs. Special attention is given to issues of digitalization, procedural transparency, and the introduction of modern methods of control and evaluation. Based on the findings, several directions for improving the existing mechanism are proposed, such as the development of electronic infrastructure, the institutionalization of risk management practices, and the enhancement of personnel qualifications. The results obtained may be used for reforming the procurement system and forming a more sustainable model for managing budgetary resources.

The scientific article shows the content and essence of the mechanism of development of enterprises in the construction materials industry. In particular, ensuring the integration of elements of organizational structures and increasing the competitiveness of the enterprise; ensuring self-regulation and interaction of elements in order to organize efficient production; ensuring a steady push to create a permanent combination of production factors based on innovative risk; based on increasing the sustainability of the internal and external environment of the enterprise, as well as ensuring liberalism and effective development of enterprises.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of export and import processes on the effectiveness of the organizational and economic mechanism in children’s toy manufacturing. The study applies the PESTLE analysis method to assess the influence of external environment factors. In addition, an integrated index model is proposed to evaluate the efficiency of the organizational and economic mechanism. The results demonstrate that economic and technological factors have the greatest impact, while social and environmental aspects play a significant role in strategic development. The article concludes with practical recommendations aimed at enhancing efficiency in the sector and ensuring the competitiveness of domestic producers in the international market.

The article provides an analysis of the literature on the theoretical foundations of lending mechanisms of commercial banks, as well as their interrelationship with the credit mechanism. Also, the theoretical foundations of external factors influencing the lending mechanisms of commercial banks in the economy are explained, and the aspects that should be paid attention to in practice related to them are highlighted, and appropriate conclusions are presented.

This article examines the practical role of mahalla institutions in promoting employment, evaluates the effectiveness of existing organizational and institutional mechanisms, and substantiates the need for their improvement. The survey conducted at the mahalla level reveals that employment remains insufficiently prioritized among the main areas of mahalla activity, and current initiatives lack systematization. Within the study, an integrated institutional–organizational mechanism was developed to strengthen the functions of mahalla institutions across diagnostics, vocational training, support for self-employment initiatives, mobilization of financial resources, and monitoring. The proposed mechanism is aimed at enhancing the institutional capacity of mahalla governance in employment promotion, supporting household-based entrepreneurship, and revitalizing local labor markets.

This article discusses the occurrence of tax debts of legal entities and
individuals, the declaration of their total annual income, the problems that arise when collecting
the amount of debt on property and land taxes at the expense of their property, as well as a
proposal on how to eliminate it, the procedure for digitizing the tax debt collection mechanism is
shown.

The article is devoted to the improvement of the mechanism of crediting education, and many scientific studies have been studied in the framework of the study. Existing problems in education crediting mechanisms were examined one by one, as well as sustainable financing models were studied and proposed to be introduced in Uzbekistan

In this article , the industrial development mechanism developed to increase the industrial potential of Namangan region is proposed. Scientific proposals and practical recommendations aimed at complex-innovative development of Namangan region have been developed. The connection between the industry and the socio-economic development of the region, its impact on economic growth and the well-being of the population is scientifically based. The current state of socio-economic development trends in the region is evaluated. The main factors and characteristics of the development of economic growth and increase in population income are described with a deep analysis of the existing natural economic potential

This article examines the issues of improving mechanisms for effective management of tourism services. The study analyzes the theoretical foundations and practical significance of institutional, economic, strategic, organizational, digital, marketing, monitoring, human resource, and sustainable development mechanisms in managing the tourism services market. Based on the case of Uzbekistan, the findings reveal that scientific research mainly focuses on institutional and economic mechanisms, while digital management, monitoring, and sustainability aspects remain insufficiently explored. The study substantiates the need for an integrated management approach and proposes scientifically grounded conclusions and practical recommendations for enhancing the efficiency of tourism services management.

This research is aimed at improving the mechanism for improving the competitiveness of personnel in the service sector, analyzing the skill level, innovative approaches and professional development of employees of the industry and identifying effective strategies for making them competitive. The study explores factors of human resources capacity building – education, training, motivation and innovative management systems through interviews of industry professionals, surveys and analysis of available literature.

This study conducts a longitudinal case analysis of H World Group (2014–2024) to investigate the evolutionary mechanism of Chinese tourism enterprises' transition from asset-heavy to asset-light OFDI. The findings reveal that under macro-level pressures, firms leverage digital capabilities to construct a chain mechanism of "model → localization → legitimacy → performance". The asset-light model effectively overcomes the liability of foreignness through non-equity control and local embeddedness. This paper revises the explanatory limitations of the OLI paradigm, expands the social dimension and dynamic perspective of tourism investment research, and suggests that Belt and Road countries such as Uzbekistan can achieve sustainable development and inclusive growth by attracting capability-output-oriented investment.

This article examines sectors of the economy, goals, directions and objects of industry policy, measures to regulate the processes of industry specialization of small businesses, criteria for economic liberalization and economic freedom, indicators characterizing economic freedom in developing countries based on a free economy. The change in business activity of entrepreneurs by the mechanism of state regulation, the mechanism “Territory + industry map of small business activity” is highlighted.

The article discusses the impact of the investment mechanism on the technical
and technological development of the national economy and changes in its sectoral structure over
the years of independence, as well as changes in the state investment policy and investment in
fixed assets by technological, sectoral structure and sources of funding.

The article discusses the theory of equivalent exchange, analyzes the various
positions of scientists on this theory. The general and special features of the equivalent exchange
are revealed. The scientific and practical principles of ensuring equivalent exchange and the
formation of a mechanism of regulated market relations on this basis are outlined. The
methodological basis and essence of regulated market relations in the most general terms is
represented as cognition, scientific understanding and formation of ways to transform the value
of gross product and its structure into codifying distributive elements of price, as a toolkit of the
market mechanism of influence on production

This article presents the world experience of increasing the efficiency of the tax
mechanism in the modernization of industry and in stimulating the investment activity of
enterprises. The influence of tax mechanisms, in particular tax privileges in the development of
industry and their orientation on the result, has been analyzed. Also, proposals are made to
strengthen the efficiency and effectiveness of tax incentives in ensuring the stability of the
country's economy

The article discusses the issues of public-private partnership in the innovation sector (PPP) and the main directions of its development in conditions of limited resources. The problems hindering the development of innovations of the national economy in the field of PPP are shown, and a mechanism for improving the development of innovations in the economy of Uzbekistan based on the use of public-private partnership is proposed.

The reforms and the mechanism of development in the field of agriculture in Kashkadarya region are widely studied and their theoretical aspects are explained. Agricultural economy in 2011-2023 was analyzed on the basis of statistics agency and suggestions were made. The main aspects of the need for econometric modeling of the production process of agricultural products are covered by the table. The strategy of econometric modeling of the development and management of the production of agricultural products is explained theoretically. Their analysis on the concept of agricultural development is summarized and the main concepts are presented. Environmental programs need to look for new strategies and solutions to solve these problems. According to the scientists of agriculture and environmental protection, the results of these efforts have been given.

Due to the rapid development of digital infrastructure in Uzbekistan, the landscape of tax debt collection is changing. Explores the evolving mechanism used by tax authorities to collect tax debts and highlights the impact of digitization on efficiency, transparency and compliance. By analyzing the current state of digital infrastructure and its integration into tax collection processes, it illuminates the opportunities and challenges that arise in a dynamic environment.

This article is dedicated to the study of the organizational mechanism of the integrated methodology for evaluating efficiency of sustainable development, exemplified by the enterprises of the fuel and energy industry of Uzbekistan. In addition, the paper is devoted to the consideration of the theoretical and practical aspects of management, including economic, administrative, and socio-psychological methods. The authors propose a comprehensive approach to diagnosing the sustainability of enterprises in reliance upon a number of indicators and taking into account various aspects of enterprise activities.

This article discusses debt slavery, the first adoption of the bankruptcy law, government defaults, the occurrence of insolvency, elements of insolvency, the need to change the statute of limitations for collecting tax debts, artificial debt, writing off bad debts and other issues. improving its mechanism by studying foreign experience.