This article analyzes the methodological foundations for applying Islamic financial instruments in Uzbekistan and proposes key directions for their improvement in line with international standards. A comparative evaluation of AAOIFI and IFSB guidelines, along with the experiences of leading Islamic finance markets such as Malaysia, the UAE, and Turkey, is conducted. The findings indicate that the development of Islamic finance in Uzbekistan requires enhancements in the legal framework, institutional structure, product design methodology, risk management practices, Shariah governance, and tax treatment. Addressing these methodological gaps is essential for ensuring the sustainable and effective growth of Islamic finance in the country.

The article examines how WTO accession influenced the development of project management systems in Central Asian countries. Its relevance lies in the need to align trade-related reforms with project environment modernization amid Uzbekistan’s accession process. The methodology combines qualitative comparative analysis, case study, and content analysis of OECD, WTO, IMF, and World Bank materials. The findings show that in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Kazakhstan WTO membership stimulated customs digitalization, single-window mechanisms, e-procurement, and greater regulatory transparency. The scientific and practical contribution of the study lies in developing recommendations for Uzbekistan on linking WTO-related reforms with project management modernization, digital monitoring, compliance procedures, and integrated project implementation control.

According to the article, excise taxes are included in the price of excise goods and thus passed on to final consumers. At the same time, the amount of excise tax significantly determines the price level of taxed goods and also affects consumer demand. Excise tax plays an important role in the formation of state revenues and regulation of the consumption of certain goods and services. This article reviews the existing literature on excise tax administration, concludes advanced international experiences. It defines the main directions of improvement of control mechanisms, the main focus is on policy reforms, technological integration, and capacity building in tax authorities.

The article presents an analysis of international standards of financial support for people in need of social protection, focusing on the main principles of the social protection system around the world, international standards, best practices, problems and opportunities for improvement. Drawing on human rights principles, including the right to social security and the right to an adequate standard of living, the study examines the diversity of approaches to financial support across countries, targeting, and eligibility criteria and makes recommendations for strengthening mechanisms for financial support for vulnerable populations.