The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the institutional determinants and macroeconomic effects of the shadow economy in Uzbekistan. By integrating official statistics, international assessments, the regulatory framework, and contemporary theoretical approaches, the shadow economy is interpreted as a multi-layered phenomenon associated with fiscal pressure, regulatory complexity, governance quality, corruption, cash-based transactions, and deficits of social trust. The study reveals the scale of the unobserved economy, its uneven sectoral distribution, and its interaction with the formal sector. It is argued that an effective policy should combine control measures with stronger incentives for formalisation, deeper digitalisation, and enhanced institutional transparency.
While female entrepreneurship has grown to be a significant force behind social and economic advancement, research on the subject is still dispersed, making it difficult to pinpoint the elements that lead to women's entrepreneurial success. This study synthesizes previous research in this topic by conducting a systematic literature review in accordance with PRISMA 2020 principles. Major academic databases were used to find pertinent studies, which were then filtered following predetermined standards.The results show that a mix of contextual, relational, and individual factors affect the success of female entrepreneurs. Key influences include one's own ability, networks and social support, and external factors including institutional context and financial access. The review also emphasizes how sustainability-oriented activities are becoming more important but are still not well understood. All things considered, this study offers a comprehensive viewpoint on female business success and points out important areas for further investigation.
The article analyzes the role of the well-being of the population in socio-economic development and its main determinants. Relevant recommendations are developed for improving state policy to improve the well-being of the population.
The article presents groundbreaking research using advanced econometric models to understand the complex relationships between infant mortality, under-5 mortality, and female mortality in foreign countries. Conventional least-squares regression (OLS) and structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques were used to analyze data from 121 countries around the world to identify the complex interplay of factors that influence these important mortality rates. Approaches have also been developed to identify subtle dynamics affecting maternal and child health outcomes and to reduce mortality. The approaches and proposals of the authors are presented in the study.
