This article analyzes the agrotechnical and economic efficiency of sesame cultivation in the areas of the Republic of Karakalpakstan with high salinity. Also, the research work has compared the sowing indicators and yields of sesame variety "Tashkent-122" on May 15 and June 15, and it was found that sowing on May 15 is the most effective time. According to the results of the economic analysis, sowing on May 15 brought 41.8% higher income than on June 15. This result indicates the importance of choosing the right sowing date and seed rate, and on this basis, proposals and recommendations have been developed to optimize sesame cultivation in the conditions of Karakalpakstan and increase economic efficiency.

This paper presents an empirical analysis of Uzbekistanʼs export structural diversification during 2017–2024. Horizontal diversification is measured by the number of exported products and the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index, while vertical diversification is evaluated through average unit export values. Regression results reveal that an increase in the number of exported products significantly boosts export volume, especially for trade with neighboring countries. For distant markets, both product variety and higher value-added goods play an important role, emphasizing the need to promote vertical diversification. The study also finds a high dependency on a limited number of export items, particularly gold. Given Uzbekistanʼs landlocked position and high transport costs, shifting toward processed, value-added, and technologically advanced exports is essential for sustainable growth.

It is obvious that tourism has become an integral part of the economy, which in many countries has led to the widespread use of small businesses using social media marketing. This study focuses on the impact and importance of marketing for business. An increase in the number of media subscribers among business owners can significantly increase the demand for specific products or services in the tourism sector. Digital marketing plays an important role in attracting customers and establishing brand popularity among competitors. In particular, this project aims to illustrate the role of marketing in business in the Uzbek market. Currently, the digital landscape offers services that allow customers to access a variety of information through their devices on platforms. Moreover, business leaders have the right to use marketing tools to increase brand loyalty. In short, this study focuses on user acceptance rates. Collects data on the effectiveness of stores in the market in Uzbekistan. Small businesses provide the opportunity to use digital marketing tools that attract loyal customers who are willing to invest in specific products or services in the tourism industry (for example, hotels, hostels, restaurants, spas, pubs, bars, etc.). Studying marketing can help raise awareness in society, leading to an impact on opinions people. Therefore, achieving success in the media is crucial to achieving goals in any business.

Tourism can provide stability in an economy. Although recessions affect virtually all industries, tourism historically has seen relatively minor declines in revenue during recessionary times. Today, world tourism is one of the most profitable sectors of the economy. It ensures high employment and socio-economic development indicators of the working population. Because in countries where the hospitality industry is developing special attention is paid to the effective use of labor resources. Tourism is a wide notion that can be understood in different ways. For example, from Earth to Universe has a variety of tourism. Because tourism is the best option to relax and escape everyday problems for people. Thus in today’s age most travelers top option has become visiting suburbs and engaging in rural tourism activities. Because I think so people are already get bored from big shopping malls, dining restaurants, urban cities, famous monuments, buildings. Noise pollution bothers them at all. They need peaceful life, tranquil places, fresh air, more oxygen. Rural tourism is the complex of all these activities. In this article I will highlight some positive effects and opportunities together with it’s some drawbacks.

In this article, the equal importance of its main segments in the development of tourism and increasing its effectiveness is highlighted, and the importance of the direction that has been relatively neglected is touched upon. As such direction, retail (souvenir) shops were taken as a research object and thoroughly studied. In particular, factors directly and indirectly affecting it and their types were studied. In addition, it was considered as a key segment in the development of the tourism sector, and its importance was studied. The regional variety and uniqueness of souvenirs was studied, and it was studied that they originate from the uniqueness of each local settlement. In the conclusion and suggestions part of the article, the conclusion and several suggestions of the writer based on his own thoughts for the perspective of retail (souvenir) shops are given.

In accordance with the “Financial Instruments: Information Disclosure”
standard No. 7, the article describes the essence, purpose, functions and application aspects of
financial instrument accounting disclosure. In recent years, the variety of financial instruments
and the complexity of their dynamics in financial markets have sharply increased in the world.
This serves to increase the risk of financial instruments. The article describes the types of risks in
accounting for financial instruments and the procedure for explaining them. In the system of
international financial reporting standards, the topic of financial instruments is considered the
most complex. Accounting information for financial instruments requires a large amount of
knowledge and skills. IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures Good disclosure is more of an art
than a science

In this article, the technology and characteristics of onion cultivation in the
agrarian sector of our country, the group of factors affecting it, and the necessary scientific
conclusions are made.

In the article have been examined the scientific and theoretical aspects of financial market and was analyzed the dynamics of stock market’s instruments. In addition, wide variety of current problems in the stock market were identified ,also, in order to eliminate these problems were drawn up proposals and corresponding conclusions .