This article provides a theoretical and practical analysis of factors affecting the financial stability of state-owned enterprises. The study examines the economic essence of financial stability and its relationship with internal and external factors. Factors influencing financial stability are classified into financial and non-financial groups, and a mechanism for their regulation is developed. The findings confirm that effective management of liabilities and cash flows, as well as the improvement of investment policy, enhance the solvency and investment attractiveness of enterprises. The conclusions obtained are of practical importance for developing long-term strategies for state-owned enterprises

This research investigates the relationship between macroeconomic factors and profitability of companies, considering the company level factors of financial performance: gross margin, operating margin, EBITDA margin and ROA. Drawing upon the theoretical frameworks, empirical analyses and econometrical model, the study explores multifaceted dynamics of macroeconomic-firm nexus of the biggest 16 companies - drivers of modern US economy. Findings reveal significant relationships between macroeconomic factors such as exchange rate, inflation and corporate profit, highlighting company response to macro-level changes. Practical implications for financial managers are discussed, emphasizing the importance of considering macroeconomic conditions in decision making processes. Overall, this article contributes to the understanding of macroeconomic-firm nexus and provides insights, which should be further developed.

The analysis of factors influencing the investment attractiveness of the regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan includes the study of economic, social, and infrastructure indicators. Among the key factors are the availability of developed infrastructure, access to resources, government support, and the level of urbanization. The development of special economic zones (SEZ) and the improvement of the business climate also play an important role in enhancing the regions' attractiveness for investors. The study helps identify the strengths and weaknesses of the regions, which contributes to the development of effective strategies for attracting investments and stimulating economic growth in Uzbekistan.

The article examines the factors and problems affecting housing market prices. The contribution of the housing sector and various housing construction programs to economic growth and development, as well as many projects aimed at improving the social well-being of the population, is being observed in practice today. This article also provides an understanding of the work in this area, including the conclusions and proposals on building materials, construction products, decoration materials, economic factors, demographic factors, and other factors.

This article systematically examines the socio-economic factors influencing the level of housing provision for the population. The study identifies and groups key factors such as income levels, employment status, family composition, urbanization processes, availability of mortgage lending, housing prices, state housing policy and subsidies, demographic changes, and infrastructure development. The research findings aim to determine the interrelationships among these factors and the extent of their impact on improving housing conditions for the population, while providing practical recommendations for shaping state policy and ensuring socio-economic stability

Influencing on economic wellbeing of the countries, tourism export is growing at fast pace in most regions. Tourism export has become the main driver of the economy, enabling countries to increase employment opportunities and foreign exchange earnings. However, the sustainability and effectiveness of tourism export are determined by multiple factors and constrained by various risks. Factors show how countries should act in order to expand the tourism capasity, meanwhile tourism associated risks help to be careful in the global market. This article will analyze both, and gives author’s personal assumption about further development of the industry.

This article provides a systematic analysis of the economic essence of industrial enterprise competitiveness and the factors influencing it. Modern scientific approaches of foreign scholars are generalized, and the characteristics of the competitiveness concept at the micro-, meso-, and macro-levels are examined. Based on official statistical data of Uzbekistan’s industry, the current state of competitiveness of domestic industrial enterprises is assessed, and internal and external factors affecting it are identified and grouped. As a result of the study, scientific and practical recommendations for enhancing the competitiveness of industrial enterprises are developed

This scientific study provides an in-depth analysis of the factors influencing the management efficiency of free economic zones (FEZs) in the Republic of Uzbekistan, assessing their contribution to socio-economic development using mathematical modeling. Using the Jizzakh Free Economic Zone as a case study, the research identifies key factors affecting production volume from 2015 to 2024 — namely, foreign investment and employment levels. The study employs the Cobb-Douglas production function to construct a classical linear regression model, along with an autoregressive (AR) model, correlation-regression analysis, and evaluation through Fisher’s criterion, Student’s t-test, and the Durbin-Watson statistic.

The article consistently researches which factors play an important role in the successful adoption of a knowledge management system (KMS) in small and medium-sized businesses and their implementation. The main purpose of the study is to examine the various factors that influence the implementation of KMS in small and medium-sized enterprises. These factors are grouped into four main areas: technology, organization, environment and human behavior.

This article explores the main factors that hinder the formation and development of Uzbekistan’s tourism brand. From a marketing perspective, a tourism brand is not only a means of creating a positive external image but also a reflection of the country’s economic, social, and cultural development. However, several systemic challenges stand in the way of fully implementing a cohesive brand strategy.

This article systematically analyzes the factors affecting the development of small business and entrepreneurship in the Kashkadarya region. The purpose of the study is to determine the role of the small business sector in economic growth in the region, its contribution to industry, agriculture, construction, services and foreign trade indicators. Statistical analysis, comparative and trend analysis, as well as a review of scientific literature and complex processing of practical data were used as research methodologies. The results showed that small business plays an important role in the stability of the regional economy, but there is a need to further strengthen the investment environment, infrastructure and innovative development factors. At the end of the article, scientifically based conclusions and practical proposals were developed to support small business and entrepreneurship in the Kashkadarya region.

In the economy, the circulation of monetary funds is carried out predominantly through cashless payments between business entities. A number of factors directly influence the movement of cashless funds among these entities. In this regard, studying the factors that affect cashless payments constitutes an important scientific and practical task

The article analyses the factors affecting the effectiveness of internal audit in budget (public-sector) organizations and the related systemic problems. It examines the influence of the internal audit unit’s independence, competence and institutional status, the impact of the internal control environment, financial management quality and data reliability on the audit, and the weak points in action-plan implementation, monitoring and feedback. The empirical basis is the list of the most frequent violations by audit organizations published by the Ministry of Economy and Finance and the results of the Ministry’s evaluation of the internal audit services of five ministries in the first half of 2025. The analysis shows that, although institutional factors such as independence, resources and competence score high (87–95%), risk-based planning (47.8%) and action-plan implementation (62.6%) score low and constitute the systemic weak point of effectiveness. The article concludes with practical recommendations to improve effectiveness

This article analyzes the main factors determining the competitiveness of digital platforms. Digital platforms play an important role in today's economy, providing users with various services and products and shaping the market. The article examines the impact of factors such as technological innovation, user experience, quality of services and products, social validation, business model and monetization strategy on increasing the competitiveness of digital platforms. At the same time, the article presents factors affecting the success of digital platforms in the market and ways to adapt to market conditions, as well as recommendations aimed at increasing competitiveness. The results of the study identify the main factors necessary for the successful management of digital platforms and effective operation in a competitive environment.

The article provides a brief description of the state of the economy of Uzbekistan and the relevance of its further development associated with the creation and use of innovative products. The highest concentration of startup initiatives is shown in such industries as IT, FinTech, E-commerce, EdTech, AgriTech, MedTech. Most startups and resources are concentrated in the city of Tashkent and large cities  like Samarkand, Bukhara and Fergana. The factors hindering the formation of a full-fledged startup ecosystem in the country and its regions are shown. Particular attention is paid to the problem of startup financing. Weak investment support at the initial stage of startup development, the low level of venture infrastructure and the legal framework for venture capital are emphasized. The evolution of the startup ecosystem in Uzbekistan is presented, starting with support for entrepreneurship and ending with the creation of a state system of venture funds. The development of the startup ecosystem in Uzbekistan is associated with the need to improve the legal framework, create a favorable business infrastructure, and introduce new mechanisms for financial and legal support. Proposals for the further development of innovation and the startup ecosystem in Uzbekistan have been systematized.

This article examines the system of factors determining the effectiveness of financial resource management in higher education institutions. The expansion of higher education enrollment, changes in the proportion of government-funded and tuition-based financial resources, and the growing need to finance research and innovation activities require a qualitative improvement in financial management. The purpose of the study is to systematize the factors affecting the formation, allocation, and control of financial resources and to develop an integrated assessment methodology. The research applies a systems approach, comparative analysis of regulatory and legal documents, the indicator method, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), normalization techniques, and sensitivity analysis. The findings classify the influencing factors into five interrelated groups: the institutional and regulatory environment, diversification of funding sources, the quality of internal financial management, the efficiency of resource allocation, and transparency and financial risk management. Based on these groups, a Financial Resource Management Efficiency Index for higher education institutions is proposed. The index can be used to diagnose the financial sustainability and development potential of higher education institutions, identify priority expenditure areas, and improve the quality of managerial decision-making. The research findings may also be applied in developing medium-term financial plans, introducing responsibility centers for budgetary and extra-budgetary funds, and establishing internal financial monitoring systems

This article examines the scientific and theoretical aspects of the influence of psychological factors on lending to individuals, improving the credit system in the banking and financial systems, an attractive offer of credit services, as well as the demand for credit that clearly and reliably determines the possibility of repaying the loan, and shows ways to increase it

The article describes important aspects related to modern methodological synergistic factor approaches of econometric research for the development of hotel and public catering services. In particular, a grouped system of indicators for a comprehensive economic analysis of the activities of residential and catering enterprises, a scenario for classifying the activities of enterprises according to criteria, and a scheme for the formation of a set of synergistic development factors are proposed.

The article provides a scientific analysis of the main factors influencing the emergence of crisis situations in commercial banks. It substantiates that a banking crisis is directly related to the quality of the loan portfolio, liquidity, capital adequacy, deposit stability, interest rate risk and currency risk. Based on statistical data on the banking system of Uzbekistan for 2024-2025, the article analyzes non-performing loans, assets, deposits and capital indicators. The findings show that assessing crisis risk in commercial banks should rely not on separate indicators, but on a comprehensive risk management approach

This article comprehensively analyzes the environmental problems arising against the backdrop of the acceleration of the globalization process and their impact on demographic processes. In the 21st century, the deepening of economic cooperation, the acceleration of industrialization, the practice of unlimited use of resources, and the expansion of transnational production chains are leading to a sharp increase in environmental pressure. Such factors as atmospheric pollution, global warming, water scarcity, soil degradation, and a decrease in biodiversity are seriously changing not only natural ecosystems but also demographic indicators related to human life. The study highlights the direct and indirect impact of environmental problems on such processes as the birth rate, mortality rate, migration flows, public health, the quality of labor resources, and territorial demographic imbalance. In particular, in regions with a high level of environmental risk, such demographic changes as a decrease in births, an increase in morbidity, an increase in premature deaths, an increase in ecological migration, and a decrease in population potential have been noted. Also, based on scientific sources, it is shown that factors such as water scarcity or drought caused by global climate change have become one of the main determinants of population migration strategy

This study investigates the associations between sociodemographic factors and out-of-school rates among children of compulsory school age in Uzbekistan, using nationally representative household survey data. Out-of-school rates were analyzed across primary, lower secondary, and upper secondary education levels. Results reveal that students at the upper secondary level are significantly more likely to be out of school compared to younger peers. Additionally, household wealth was significantly associated with school exclusion at the primary and lower secondary levels. No significant differences were found by gender, area of residence, or region, suggesting possible progress in educational equity or limitations in aggregate-level data to detect more nuanced disparities. The study offers practical implications for targeted interventions and calls for further research using causal and longitudinal methods to better understand the mechanisms behind school non-attendance.

В данной статье представлена информация по SWOT-анализу факторов, способствующих развитию туризма и эффективному использованию туристско-рекреационных объектов и формированию туристско-рекреационных кластеров в Сурхандарьинской области.

This article discusses the implementation of large-scale reforms in Uzbekistan to ensure the economic stability of the regions and the innovative economic development of the processing industry in the regions. Foreign experience in improving the innovative economic development of the processing industry in the region and the possibilities of its application in the region are analyzed. It also highlights the ways and prospects for the development of interregional subclustering mechanisms in the agro-industry in the region, factors, opportunities, organizational and economic mechanisms for increasing their efficiency, and the need to study what factors and to what extent they affect the oil and gas sector, mining and metallurgical industry and agro-industry in this region in order to determine and calculate the innovative economic efficiency of the region, and these factors can be grouped in different ways, and the dependence of the effectiveness of which of these factors is being determined

This article examines the economic nature of informal employment and the key factors influencing its formation. The study highlights the role of informal employment in maintaining labor market equme generation, and its negative consequences, particularly the weakening of the social protection system and the decline in tax revenues. In addition, the causes of informal employment are systematically analyzed based on economic, institutional, demographic, and social factors. The findings suggest that rather than reducing informal employment, it is necessary to ensure its gradual integration into the formal sector

This study focuses on university students and teachers at Bukhara State University in Uzbekistan to examine socio-psychological factors impacting the learning of English as a foreign language. The main hypothesis is that these factors influence students' attitudes towards learning English. The research also investigates if parental factors play a role in students' attitudes. Results show demographic details of students' backgrounds and parents' occupations. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding these factors in English language education.